实例1: 某一潜水艇可以简化为一圆筒,它由三层组成,最外面一层为不锈钢,中间为玻纤隔热层,最里面为铝层,筒内为空气,筒外为海水,求内外壁面温度及温度分布。 几何参数: 筒外径 30 feet 总壁厚 2 inch 不锈钢层壁厚 0.75 inch 玻纤层壁厚 1 inch 铝层壁厚 0.25 inch 筒长 200 feet 导热系数 不锈钢 8.27 BTU/hr.ft.oF 玻纤 0.028 BTU/hr.ft.oF 铝 117.4 BTU/hr.ft.oF 边界条件 空气温度 70 oF 海水温度 44.5 oF 空气对流系数 2.5 BTU/hr.ft2.oF 海水对流系数 80 BTU/hr.ft2.oF 沿垂直于圆筒轴线作横截面,得到一圆环,取其中1度进行分析,如图示。 以下分别列出log文件和菜单文件。 菜单操作: 1.Utility Menu>File>change jobename, 输入Steady1; 2.Utility Menu>File>change title,输入Steady-state thermal analysis of submarine; 3.在命令行输入:/units, BFT; 4.Main Menu: Preprocessor; 5.Main Menu: Preprocessor>Element Type>Add/Edit/Delete,选择PLANE55; 6.Main Menu: Preprocessor>Material Prop>-Constant-Isotropic,默认材料编号为1,在KXX框中输入8.27,选择APPLY,输入材料编号为2,在KXX框中输入0.028,选择APPLY,输入材料编号为3,在KXX框中输入117.4; 7.Main Menu: Preprocessor>-Modeling->Create>-Areas-Circle>By Dimensions ,在RAD1中输入15,在RAD2中输入15-(.75/12),在THERA1中输入-0.5,在THERA2中输入0.5,选择APPLY,在RAD1中输入15-(.75/12),在RAD2中输入15-(1.75/12),选择APPLY,在RAD1中输入15-(1.75/12),在RAD2中输入15-2/12,选择OK; 8.Main Menu: Preprocessor>-Modeling->Operate>-Booleane->Glue>Area,选择PICK ALL; 9.Main Menu: Preprocessor>-Meshing-Size Contrls>-Lines-Picked Lines,选择不锈钢层短边,在NDIV框中输入4,选择APPLY,选择玻璃纤维层的短边,在NDIV框中输入5,选择APPLY,选择铝层的短边,在NDIV框中输入2,选择APPLY,选择四个长边,在NDIV中输入16; 10.Main Menu: Preprocessor>-Attributes-Define>Picked Area,选择不锈钢层,在MAT框中输入1,选择APPLY,选择玻璃纤维层,在MAT框中输入2,选择APPLY,选择铝层,在MAT框中输入3,选择OK; 11.Main Menu: Preprocessor>-Meshing-Mesh>-Areas-Mapped>3 or 4 sided,选择PICK ALL; 12.Main Menu: Solution>-Loads-Apply>-Thermal-Convection>On lines,选择不锈钢外壁,在VALI框中输入80,在VAL2I框中输入44.5,选择APPLY,选择铝层内壁,在VALI框中输入2.5,在VAL2I框中输入70,选择OK; 13.Main Menu: Solution>-Solve-Current LS; 14.Main Menu: General Postproc>Plot Results>-Contour Plot-Nodal Solu,选择Temperature。 实例2一圆筒形的罐有一接管,罐外径为3英尺,壁厚为0.2英尺,接管外径为0.5英尺,壁厚为0.1英尺,罐与接管的轴线垂直且接管远离罐的端部。如图所示: 罐内流体温度为华氏450度,与罐壁的对流换热系数年为250BUT/hr-ft2-oF,接管内流体的温度为华氏100度,与管壁的对流换热系数随管壁温度而变。接管与罐为同一种材料,它的热物理性能如下表所示: *接管内壁对流系数 求罐与接管的温度分布。 以下分别列出LOG文件及菜单操作 菜单操作 1、设定标题:Utility Menu>File>Change Title,输入Steady-State analysis of pipe junction,选择OK; 2、设定单位制:在命令提示行输入/UNITS,BIN; 3、定义单元类型:Main Menu>Preprocesor>Element Type>Add/Edit/Delete,选择Thermal Solid, Bricck 20 node 90号单元; 4、定义材料属性 (1)Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>-Constant->Isotropic,默认材料编号1,在DENSITY框中输入0.285; (2)Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>-Temp Dependent->Temp Table,输入温度70,200,300,400,500; (3)Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>-Temp Dependent->Prop Table,选择导热系数KXX,材料编号为1,输入与温度表对应的导热系数8.35/12,8.9/12,9.35/12,9.8/12,10.23/12,选择APPLY; (4)选择比热C,材料编号为1,输入0.113,0.117,0.119,0.122,0.125,选择APPLY; (5)选择对流系数HF,材料编号为2,输入426/144,405/144,352/144,275/144, 221/144,选择OK。 5、定义几何模型参数:Utility Menu>Parameters>Scalar Parameters,输入ri1=1.3,ro1=1.5,z1=2,ri2=0.4,ro2=0.5,z2=2; 6、建立几何模型 (1)Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Modeling->Create>-Volumes->Cylinder>By Dimensions, Outer radius框中输入ro1,Optional inner radium框中输入ri1,Z coordinates框中输入0和Z1,Ending angle框中输入90; (2)Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP by Increments,在XY,YZ,ZX框中输入0,-90; (3)Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Modeling->Create>-Volumes->Cylinder>By Dimensions; Outer radius框中输入ro2, Optional inner radium框中输入ri2, Z coordinates框中输入0和Z2,Starting angle框中输入-90,Ending angle框中输入0; (4)Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Align WP with>Global Cartesian; 7、进行布尔操作:Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Modeling->Operate>-Booleans-> Overlap >Volumes,选择Pick All; 8、观察几何模型 (1)Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Numbering,打开volumes; (2)Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>View Direction, 在Coords of view point框中输入-3,-1,1; 9、 删除多余实体Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Modeling->Delete>Volume and Below,在命令输入行输入3,4回车; 10、创建组AREMOTE (1)Utility Menu>Select>Entities,选择Area, By location, Z Coordinates, 在Min, Max框中输入Z1,选择APPLY,Y Coordinates, 在Min, Max框中输入0,OK; (2)Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>Create Component,在Component name框中输入AREMOTE, 在Components is made of菜单中选择AREA; 11、组合面及线 (1)Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Meshing->Mesh>-Volumes->Mapped> -Concatenate->Area,选择Pick all; (2)Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Meshing->Mesh>-Volumes->Mapped> -Concatenate->Lines,在命令行中输入12,7回车,选择APPLY,在命令行中输入10,5回车,OK; 12、设定网格密度 (1)Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Meshing->Size Cntrls>Picked Lines,选择线6和20,OK,在No. of element divisions框中输入4,OK; (2)Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Meshing->Size Cntrls>Picked Lines,选择线40,OK,在No. of element divisions框中输入6,OK; (3)Utility Menu>Select>Everything; (4)Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Meshing->Size Cntrls>-Global->Size,在element edge length框中输入0.4,OK; 13、划分网格:Main Menu>Preprocessor>-Meshing->Mesh>-Volumes->Mapped>4 to 6 sides,选择Pick All; 14、定义求解类型及选项 (1)Main Menu>Solution>-Analysis Type->New Analysis,选择Steady-State; (2)Main Menu>Solution>-Analysis Options,选择Program-chosen; 15、施加对流载荷 (1)Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Active CS to>Global Cylindrical; (2)Utility Menu>Select>Entities,选择Nodes, By location, X,在Min, Max框中输入ri1,OK; (3)Main Menu>Solution>-Loads->Apply>-Thermal->Convection>On Nodes,选择Pick All, 输入250/144及450,OK; 16、在AREMOTE组上施加温度约束 (1)Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>Select Comp/Assembly,选aremote; (2)Utility Menu>Select>Entities,选择Nodes, Attached to, On the Area all, OK; (3)Main Menu>Solution>-Loads->Apply>-Thermal->Temperature>On Nodes,选择Pick all,输入45,OK; 17、施加与温度有关的对流边界条件 (1)Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP by Increments,在XY,YZ,ZX Angles框中输入0,-90,OK; (2)Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Local Coordinate Systems>Create Local CS>At WP Origin,在Type of coordinate system菜单中,选择Cylindrical 1,OK; (3)Utility Menu>Select Entities,选择Nodes, By location, X, 在Min, Max框中输入ri2,OK; (4)Main Menu>Solution>-Loads->Apply>-Thermal->Convection>On Nodes,选择Pick All,在Film coefficient框中输入-2,在Bulk temperature框中输入100,OK; (5)Utility Menu>Select>Everything; (6)Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Symbols,在Show pres and convect as菜单中选择Arrow, OK; (7)Utility Menu>Plot>Nodes; 18、恢复工作平面及坐标系统 (1)Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Active CS to>Global Cartesian; (2)Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Align WP with>Global Cartesian; 19、设定载荷步选项: Main Menu>Solution>-Load Step Options->Time/Frequenc>Time and Substeps,在Number of substeps框中输入50,设置Automatic time stepping为On; 20、求解:Main Menu>Solution>-Solve->Current LS 21、显示温度分布彩色云图: Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>-Contour Plot->Nodal Solu,选择Temperature TEMP。
来源:CAE技术联盟
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